Experimental Logic Gate Designs 逻辑门实验
The following experimental logic gate designs use transistors instead of simple mechanical switches. This means that that these circuit can be daisy chained in series to produce more complex logical outcomes, or can be controlled using INPUT signals from a microcontroller. For this reason each of these designs will require a “control circuit” to operate.
下列逻辑门实验是使用晶体管而不是简单的机械开关的数字电路。这意味着这些电路可以串联成更为复杂的逻辑结果，或者可以使用来自微控制器的输入信号进行控制。因此，每种设计都需要一个“控制电路”来运行。
In these experiments a variable resistor is used instead of a standard fixed value resistor. This will allow you to calibrate each circuit easily once you are ready to test your circuits. The ability to adjust the calibrate a circuit is an incredibly useful feature when trying to design a compound circuit such as a NAND gate (a NOT – AND logic gate combination). Once properly calibrated you can use a multi-meter to take readings from the variable resistor to determine the optimal resistance value. With this information you can then redesign your circuit to use standard fixed value resistors. By redesigning your experimental circuit you can make new logic gate designs that are smaller, cheaper, more advanced, etc.
在这些逻辑门实验中，使用可变电阻器代替标准定值电阻器，这样在准备测试电路后轻松校准每个电路。在尝试设计与非门（非与逻辑门组合）之类的复合电路时，调整校准电路是非常重要的。正确校准后，可以使用万用表从可变电阻器读取读数，以确定最佳电阻值。有了这些信息，就可以使用标准的定值电阻器重新设计电路。通过重新设计你的实验电路，可设计出更小、更便宜、更先进的新逻辑门。
Simplified Logic Gate Designs 简化逻辑门设计
After completing the experimental logic gate experiments you should be ready to try redesigning a circuit on your own. The simplest option would be to simplify the design of one of the basic experimental logic gate designs (NOT, AND, & OR gates); however, creating a compound logic gate such as the NAND or NOR gate would provide a much greater challenge. To do this you will need to consolidate multiple circuits to create a compound logical sequence to create with the NAND or NOR gates functions. Start by connecting the INPUT of an experimental NOT gate to the OUTPUT of either one of the experimental AND/OR gate designs. Then calibrate both circuits to ensure that you get the desired results. Use a multimeter to take the appropriate readings and then look for ways to simplify and consolidate all of the necessary circuitry. This process of experimentation and redesign is exactly what real computer scientist and engineers do in the real world as engineers look for ways to make circuits smaller, lighter, cheaper, more power efficient, and to reduce the amount of heat generated during operation.
在完成逻辑门实验后，尝试自己重新设计电路。最简单的就是简化基本逻辑门的设计，如：NOT、AND、OR门；然而，也可尝试更有挑战性的复合逻辑门（如NAND或NOR门）。需要合并多个电路，使用NAND或NOR门函数来创建复合逻辑序列。首先，将一个实验非门的输入连接到一个实验非门和/或门设计的输出。然后校准两个电路，以确保获得所需的结果。使用万用表读取适当的读数，然后寻找简化和整合所有必要电路的方法。这一实验和重新设计的过程正是计算机科学家和工程师在现实世界中所做的，因为工程师们力争使电路更小、更轻、更便宜、更节能，并减少运行过程中产生的热量。
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