General Geography Vocabulary Guide 通用地理词汇

The following vocabulary guide covers all of the key vocabulary that is covered in the “Geography Bridging Course“, and will provide ESL students a strong foundation for further studies in the field of geography. A printable copy of this vocabulary guide can be found and downloaded at the bottom of this page.

EnglishIPAPinyin中文
Africa/ˈæfrɪkə/fēi zhōu非洲
Antarctic Circle/æntˈɑːktɪk ˈsɜːkl/nán jí quān南极圈
Antarctica/ˌænˈtɑːktɪkə/nán jí zhōu南极洲
Archean/ɑːʧ ˈrɪən/tài gǔ zhòu太古宙
Arctic Circle/ˈɑːktɪk ˈsɜːkl/běi jí quān北极圈 
Arctic Ocean/ˈɑːktɪk ˈəʊʃən/běi bīng yáng北冰洋
Asia/ˈeɪʒə/yà zhōu亚洲
Asthenosphere/æzðɛnnəʊz sfɪə/ruǎn liú quān软流圈
Atlantic Ocean/ətˈlæntɪk ˈəʊʃən/dà xī yáng大西洋
Cardinal Point/ˈkɑːdɪnl pɔɪnt/jī běn fāng wèi基本方位
Cenozoic/ˌsiːnəʊˈzəʊɪk/xīn shēng dài新生代
Clockwise/ˈklɒkwaɪz/shùn shí zhēn顺时针
Compass/ˈkʌmpəs/zhǐ nán zhēn指南针
Conic Map/ˈkɒnɪk mæp/yuán zhuī tóu yǐng fǎ圆锥投影法
Continental Drift/ˌkɒntɪˈnentl drɪft/dà lù piāo yí大陆漂移
Convergent/kənˈvɜːdʒənt/huì jù会聚
Core/kɔː/dì hé地核
Crust/krʌst/dì qiào地壳
Cylindrical Mercator Map/sɪˈlɪndrɪkəl/    /mərˈkādər mæp /mò kǎ tuō yuán zhù tóu yǐng fǎ墨卡托圆柱投影法
Degree/dɪˈgriː/dù shu度数
Divergent/daɪˈvɜːdʒənt/fēn lí分离
East/iːst/dōng
Equator/ɪˈkweɪtə/chì dào赤道
Equivalent Map/ɪˈkwɪvələnt mæp/děng xiào tú fǎ  等效图法
Erosion/ɪˈrəʊʒən/fǔ shí腐蚀
Europe/ˈjʊərəp/ōu zhōu欧洲
Extrusive Igneous Rock/ɛksˈtruːsɪv ˈɪgnɪəs rɒk/pēn chū huǒ shān yán喷出火山岩
Fossil/ˈfɒsl/huà shí化石
Geography/dʒɪˈɒgrəfɪ/dì lǐ地理
Globe/ˈgləʊb/dì qiú yí地球仪
Igneous Rock/ˈɪgnɪəs rɒk/huǒ shān yán火山岩
Indian Ocean/ˈɪndjən ˈəʊʃən/yìn dù yáng印度洋
Inner Core/ˈɪnə kɔː/nèi hé内核
International Date Line/ˌɪntəˈnæʃənl deɪt laɪn/guó jì rì qī biàn gēng xiàn国际日期变更线
Intrusive Igneous Rock/ɪnˈtruːsɪv ˈɪgnɪəs rɒk/qīn rù huǒ shān yán侵入火山岩
Latitude (Parallel)/ˈlætɪtjuːd/ (ˈpærəlel)wěi xiàn ( píng xíng xiàn )纬线 (平行线)
Lava/ˈlɑːvə/huǒ shān yán jiāng火山岩浆
Legend/ˈledʒənd/tú lì图例
Lithosphere/ˈlɪθəˌsfɪə/yán shí quān岩石圈
Longitude (Meridian)/ˈlɒndʒɪtjuːd/ (məˈrɪdɪən)jīng xiàn ( zi wǔ xiàn )经线 (子午线)
Magma/ˈmægmə/yán jiāng岩浆
Mantle/ˈmæntl/dì màn地幔
Map/mæp/dì tú地图
Mesozoic/ˌmɛz.əˈzoʊ.ɪk,/zhōng shēng dài中生代
Metamorphic Rock/ˌmɛtəˈmɔːfɪk rɒk/biàn zhì yán变质岩
North/nɔːθ/běi
North America/nɔːθ əˈmerɪkə/běi měi zhōu北美洲
North Pole/nɔːθ pəʊl/běi jí北极 
Oceania/ˌəʊʃiˈɑːn(iː)ə/dà yáng zhōu大洋洲
Ordinal Point/ˈɔːdɪnl pɔɪnt/zhōng jiān fāng wèi中间方位
Outer Core/ˈaʊtə kɔː/wài hé外核
Pacific Ocean/pəˈsɪfɪk ˈəʊʃən/tài píng yáng太平洋
Paleozoic/ˌpæl.i.əˈzoʊ.ɪk/gǔ shēng dài古生代
Pangaea/pænˈʤiːə/fàn dà lù泛大陆
Phanerozoic/fænərəˈzoʊɪk/xiǎn shēng zhòu显生宙
Plate Tectonics/pleɪt tekˈtɒnɪks/bǎn kuài gòu zào lùn板块构造论
Pre-Archean 
   (Hadean)
/priːˈɑːrˈkiːən/   (ˈheɪdiən)qián tài gǔ zhòu 
( míng gǔ zhòu )
前太古宙
(冥古宙)
Precambrian /priːˈkæm.bri.ən/qián hán wǔ jì前寒武纪
Prime Meridian/praɪm məˈrɪdɪən/běn chū zǐ wǔ xiàn本初子午线
Proterozoic/ˌproʊtərəˈzoʊɪk/yuán gǔ zhòu元古宙
Ridge/rɪdʒ/shān jǐ山脊
Sediment/ˈsedɪmənt/chén jī zuò yòng沉积作用
Sedimentary Rock/ˌsedɪˈmentərɪ rɒk/chén jī yán沉积岩
South/saʊθ/nán
South America/saʊθ əˈmerɪkə/nán měi zhōu南美洲
South Pole/saʊθ pəʊl/nán jí南极
Transform/trænsˈfɔːm/nán měi zhōu改造
Trench/trentʃ/xiá gǔ峡谷
Tropic of Cancer/ˈtrɒpɪk ɒv ˈkænsə/běi huí guī xiàn北回归线
Tropic of Capricorn/ˈtrɒpɪk ɒv ˈkæprɪkɔːn/nán huí guī xiàn南回归线 
Weathering/ˈweðərɪŋ/fēng huà zuò yòng风化作用
West/west/西

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