Calculating Present Value 计算现值

Present value calculates how much money needs to be invested today if a specific amount of money is needed to be generated by an investment in the future. If you need an investment to be worth ¥75,000 in 5 years from now and the investment has an annual interest rate of 8% how much do you need to invest today?

现值指在将来的投资中所需要的一笔资金在当今的价值。例如，如果你5年后需要一笔价值¥75,000的资产，且年利率是8%，那么当今你需要多少资产？

Calculating “Present Value” is very useful for businesses. Businesses will need to calculate how much money they need to invest today to raise the capital they need to make large purchases in the future, such as buy another company or a new property. Young professionals might also need to calculate “Present Value” if they want to use investments to help them buy their first home, or start their own company.

计算“现值”对商人有很大的帮助。商人需要计算现在他们要投资多少才能为将来的大型购买提高资本，比如收购另一家公司或购入新资产。年轻的专家们如果想利用资产来帮助购买新家或创建他们自己的公司也还需要计算“现值”。

Suppose you want to buy a new apartment, but the apartment complex won’t be finished for another 5 years. To help you save enough money for the downpayment you plan to invest the money for the next 5 years. You want to make a downpayment of ¥75,000. You have already chosen an investment plan with an interest rate of 8%. How much money will you need to invest today, so you will have enough for a downpayment when your apartment is finished.

假设你想购买一套新公寓，但是该楼盘还需5年才能完工。为了帮助你存储足够的首付，那你要计划这5年里怎么去投资。你想要付的首付是¥75,000，你已经选择了一个年利率是8%的投资计划，那么现今你需要投资多少才能在公寓完工时有足够的首付。

To calculate Present Value we use the formula P=F/(1+r)t
使用公式  P=F/(1+r)t   来计算现值

  • P = Present Value 现值
  • F = Future Value 未来值
  • r = Interest rate of the investment 投资利率
  • t = The number of years of the investment 投资年数
¥51,043.74 needs to be invested so your investment would grow to ¥75,000 in 5 years.
所以现在你需要投资 ¥51,043.74，5年后资产将会增加到 ¥75,000。

P=F/(1+r)t
P=¥75,000/(1+0.08)5
P=¥75,000/(1.08)5
P=¥75,000/1.47
P= ¥51,043.74

  1. Row 1: leave Blank
    第1行：空白
  2. Row 2: Merge Cells B-E, then type the title
    第2行：合并B-E栏，并输入标题
  3. Row 3: Leave Blank
    第3行：空白
  4. Column B: Row 4-7 type the English Terms
    B栏：第4-7行输入英语术语
  5. Column C: Row 4-7 type the Chinese Terms
    C栏：第4-7行输入中文术语
  6. Column D: Row 4-7 type the letters which are used in the formula
    D栏：第4-7行输入在公式中使用的字母
  7. Row 1-8, Column A to F: Format the same as the example
    第1-8行，A到F栏：按照例子设计
  8. Row 9-10: leave Blank
    第9-10行：空白
  9. Row 11-15, Column D to F: format the same as the example
    第11-15行，D到F栏：按照例子设计
  10. Calculate “Present Value” using the formula P=F/(1+r)^t
    使用公式    P=F/(1+r)^t    计算“现值”

Calculating Future Value 计算未来值

Future value measures how much an investment will be worth in the future. For example, if you put ¥1,000 into the bank today, earning 6-percent interest a year, how much will you have ten years from now?

未来值指资产在将来的价值。例如：如果现在你存入银行¥1,000，年利息是6%，那么十年后你将有多少钱？

This is a problem that needs to be solved by many individuals. Finical Planers will need to determine future value to inform their clients of how much money they will make on an particular investment. Your parents may need to determine future value to calculate how much money they will have when they retire from work. Companies also use these calculations to asses the growth in their capital investments.

很多地方都需要用到未来值。财务计划员需要决定未来值来告知客户在该投资项目上他们能得到多少钱，你的父母也要决定未来值来计算他们退休后能得到多少钱，公司同样也要用到未来值来评定他们资本投资的增长状况。

To solve these problems, many students use tables in textbooks or specialized calculators. You can also solve these problems by making your own calculation chart on the computer. 

为了解决这些问题，许多学生利用课本上提供的表格或专门的财务计算机来计算。其实你完全也可以通过自己制作计算图表来轻松地解决这些问题。

To calculate Future value we use the formula F=P(1+r)t
我们使用公式 F=P(1+r)来计算未来值

  • F = Future Value 未来值
  • P = Present Value 现值
  • r = Interest rate of the investment 投资利率
  • t = The number of years of the investment  投资年数

In our example our ¥1,000 investment grew to ¥1,790.85 in 10 years. Investments are a great way to make money, if you are a trained professional, or have a trusted finical planer investing money for you. Regardless of if you are investing your own money or a professional is doing it for you, its important to evaluate the risk. 

在我们之前的例子中价值 ¥1,000的投资10年后增长为 ¥1,790.85，所以如果你是一个训练有素的专业人员或者你有一个值得新人的财务计划员为你投资的话，那么投资将是一种非常好的赢利方式。不论你是自己投资或者是有专业团队为你投资，评估风险还是非常重要的。

There are several types of investments. Secured Investments are guaranteed to increase in value over time. Low Risk investments usually have higher interest rates, but can fluctuate with the market. High Risk investments have very high interest rates, but if the company you are investing in goes bankrupt you could lose all your money.

有几种不同的投资方式。担保投资会随着时间而增值。低风险的投资常常比担保投资的利率要高，但是也会随着市场发生变化。高风险的投资有很高的回报率，但是如果你投资的公司一旦破产那么你将失去所有的钱。

  1. Row 1: leave Blank
    第一行：空白
  2. Row 2: Merge Cells B-E, then type the title
    第2行：合并B-E栏，并输入标题
  3. Row 3: Leave Blank
    第3行：空白
  4. Column B: Row 4-7 type the English Terms
    B栏：第4-7行输入英语术语
  5. Column C: Row 4-7 type the Chinese Terms
    C栏：第4-7行输入中文术语
  6. Column D: Row 4-7 type the letters which describe the formula
    D栏：第4-7行输入在公式中使用的字母
  7. Row 1-8, Column A to F: Format the same as the example
    第1-8行，A到F栏：按照例子设计
  8. Row 9-10: leave Blank
    第9-10行：空白
  9. Row 11-15, Column D to F: format the same as the example
    第11-15行，D到F栏：按照例子设计
  10. Calculate “Future Value” using the formula F=P*(1+r)^t
    使用公式    F=P*(1+r)^t    计算“未来值”

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