Rectifier Circuits 整流电路

Alternating Current (AC)
交流电（AC）

Alternating Current (AC) a current that changes its magnitude and polarity at regular time intervals. An alternating current can also be defined as an electrical current which repeatedly changes or reverses its direction.

交流电（AC）：以固定时间间隔改变其大小和极性的电流。交流电也可以定义为反复改变或反转方向的电流。

Direct Current (DC)
直流电（DC）

Direct Current (DC) is a current that only flows in one directional. Unlike an alternating current, the direction and amperage of a direct current dose not change. Direct current is used in many household electronics and in any devices that use batteries.

直流电（DC）是只在一个方向上流动的电流。与交流电不同，直流电的方向和电流强度不会改变。直流电用于许多家用电子设备和任何使用电池的设备。

Half Wave Rectifier
半波整流器

A half wave rectifier is a simple circuit to build. It uses a single diode to eliminate the negative duty cycle of an alternating current so the flow of electrons is always flows in one direction; however this circuit is limited as does not provide a stable supply of power. As a result simple loads in a circuit such as a LED would flicker, and more sophisticated digital circuits would not work properly due to inconstancy in the power supply.

半波整流器是一种简单的电路。它使用一个二极管来消除交流电的负占空比，因此电子流总是朝一个方向流动；然而，由于不能提供稳定的电源，该电路受到限制。因此，电路中的简单负载（如LED）会闪烁，而更复杂的数字电路由于电源不稳定而无法正常工作。

Full Wave Rectifier
全波整流器

Using a more complex circuit design, a full wave rectifier is able to inverse the direction of the negative duty cycle of an alternating current. This produces a more stable power supply. Although the power output has been drastically improved when compared to a half wave rectifier, the full wave rectifier still does not produce a perfect DC output.

使用更复杂的电路设计，全波整流器能够反转交流电负占空比的方向。这将产生更稳定的电源。尽管与半波整流器相比，功率输出有了显著提高，但全波整流器仍然不能产生理想的直流输出。

Stabilized Full Wave Rectifier
稳定全波整流器

By using capacitors the power output of a full wave rectifier can be stabilized to provide a more consistent power output. When the duty cycle is high the capacitors will charge, then as the power level drops the capacitors will discharge releasing power to the load. This in effects stabilizes the power output and provides a reliable output with only minor power fluctuations.

通过使用电容器，可以稳定全波整流器的功率输出，以提供更稳定的功率输出。当占空比较高时，电容器将充电，然后随着功率水平的下降，电容器将放电，从而向负载释放功率。这实际上稳定了功率输出，并在功率波动较小的情况下提供了可靠的输出。

3-Phase Generator
三相发电机

An alternator, also known as an electric generator, can be either a singe phase generator which produces an alternating current. Alternatively a three phase generators offers increased reliability for commercial and industrial use by creating a 3 alternating currents that ensures continuous power generation. Moreover, the three–phase alternating current runs more economical that a single phase and allows for a balance power load.

交流发电机，也称为发电机，可以是产生交流电的单相发电机。或者，三相发电机通过产生3个交流电，确保连续发电，从而提高商业和工业使用的可靠性。此外，三相交流电比单相交流电运行更经济，并允许平衡电力负荷。

3-Phase Rectifier
三相整流器

Using a more advanced design than the full wave rectifier, a 3-phase rectifier can produce a near perfect power output for devices that rely on direct current without the need for capacitors or power stabilizers. Coupled with power stabilizers, the 3-phase rectifier is the ideal choice of circuits for renewable energy projects such as a wind turbine.

使用比全波整流器更先进的设计，三相整流器可以为依赖直流电的设备产生近乎完美的功率输出，而无需电容器或功率稳定器。加上功率稳定器，三相整流器是可再生能源项目（如风力涡轮机）电路的理想选择。