Creating An MLA Formatted Essay 创建MLA格式文章

For this project you will use all the techniques you have learnt about MLA formatting to create a short 2 page essay comparing the two countries you have researched. The most important aspect of this project is to use the MLA format correctly and avoid plagiarism. There are specific requirements for the first and second page of this project so please read the instructions carefully.

在此项目中，使用所学到的关于MLA格式的所有技巧，创作一篇关于比较两个国家的两页论文。该项目的重点是正确使用MLA格式，避免剽窃。本项目的第一页和第二页有具体要求，请仔细阅读说明。

Note: You will not create a complete essay for this project. The purpose of this essay is to demonstrate your ability to use MLA regulations correctly in context. You will write one full page of text on page 1 to demonstrate your ability to paraphrase and cite information. You will also create a “Works Cited” page which will include all of your citations.

注意：你不必为这个项目写一篇完整的文章，主要目的是展示你能正确使用MLA格式。第1页需写一整页的文字来体现阐释和引用信息的能力。此外创建一个“参考文献”页面来体现引用的能力。

What Needs To Be Cited 引用

Think about what facts are general ideas and what facts are very specific and need a citation. When are ideas specific enough to no longer be considered general facts? Think about the following examples and determine if the facts are general or specific. Which Facts need a citation?

那么哪些内容是需要添加引用呢？哪些是基本常识或是具体事实呢？看下列哪些是属于需要引用的信息。

Population & Area Facts 人口和地区事实

Fact 1: China is a big country.
事实1：中国是一个大国

Fact 2: China is the second largest country in the world.
事实2：中国是世界第二大国。

Fact 3: China has a total area of 9,596,960 km² (square kilometres).
事实3：中国总面积为9596960平方公里。

Fact 4: China has a population of about 1.3 billion people.
事实4：中国有大约13亿人口

Fact 5: China has a population of 1,339,724,852 people.
事实5：中国有1339724852人口。

Think about which sentences have general facts and which sentences have specific facts? If we use specific facts we must give credit to the person or organization who created the information. To avoid plagiarism we can rewrite the sentence in a way that gives credit to the author or the organization that created the original information. The following two examples use MLA approved methods of paraphrasing information while citing the source material.

上面哪些句子是一般事实，哪些句子是具体事实。如果我们使用特定事实，我们必须对创建信息的个人或组织给予引用。为了避免剽窃，我们可以改写句子，并在参考文献中作出正确引用。以下两个示例是使用MLA格式引用源材料的信息：

According to the Chinese National Bureau of Statistics, China has a population of 1,339,724,852 people.

According to the 2010 census China has a population of 1,339,724,852 people.

China has a population of 1,339,724,852 people (Xi. 2010).

Project Resources 项目资源

If you do not have your research notes with you, or you have lost your previous projects you, you will be required to do new research in class to complete this project. You must use reliable sources of information in your project and cite your sources. You can find reliable information about every country in the world that you can use for this project from the National Geographic Country Guide, or from the CIA World Fact Book. The website address for these websites are listed below.

如果你没有带笔记，或者丢失了以前的项目，那么需要重新做研究来完成这个项目。必须使用可靠的信息源，并引用文献。本项目可以从《国家地理国家指南》或CIA世界概况手册中找到世界上每个国家的可靠信息。以下列出了这些网站的网址。

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/

http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/countries/

Note: Since the information from these organizations is written by multiple authors, and the authors names are not given, you will need to write the organizations name and the year the information was written in brackets for an in-text citation. Your in-text citation should correspond to an end of document citation on the works “Cited Page”.

注意：由于来自这些组织的信息由多个作者撰写，并且没有给出作者姓名，因此你需要在括号内为文内引用填写组织名称和信息编写年份。文内引用应与作品“参考文献页”上的引用相对应。

You can also compare multiple countries to each other using the following website:

也可以使用以下网站比较多个国家：

http://www.ifitweremyhome.com

Academic Paper Sentence Starters 学术论文开头句

When using any of the following sentence examples in your own essays you simply need to change the words in red to the appropriate facts form your research.

使用下列句子时，只需将红色的单词改为搜索的适当事实即可。

The (author) states that (what the author said).

According to (organization’s name) (relevant fact).

According to (person’s name) (what makes them a reliable source) (relevant fact).

(Authors name) quotes (original source) in their recent article (title) that (details).

On (date) (person’s name) said “(what they said)”.

New research suggests that (a research fact that proves an old fact wrong).

A recent discovery reveals that (what was discovered).

Project Instructions 项目说明

MLA requirements for the entire document:
MLA格式要求：

Change the document type, page layout to the “A4” paper size.
将文档类型、页面布局更改为“A4”纸张大小
Include a “header” with your last name and auto page number.
带有本人姓氏的页眉自动页面#
Use 12pt., “Times New Roman” or “Arial” font.
使用12号.，“Times New Roman”或“Arial”字体
Use the spacing tool to “double space” the body of your essay.
使用间距工具将文章正文“双倍间距”
Make sure you have correct spelling for the entire document
确保整个文档的拼写正确
Include a “footer” with the school’s name.
带有学校名称的“页脚”

Page Specific Requirements for Page 1:
第1页的具体要求:

Create a project leader with your name, teacher, class, and date.
项目左上角包含以下：姓名、老师、班级和日期
Create a meaningful title for your project.
为项目创建有意义的标题
Demonstrate the ability to use each of the following at least once:
至少使用以下要求一次
Write a sentence with an in text citation (Authors Last Name, Year).
文中引用（作者姓氏，年份）
Use an academic sentence starter correctly.
正确使用学术论文开头句
Include an extended excerpt or passage from your research material.
搜索材料的延伸摘录或段落