Introduction to Heterographs 简介同音异形异
English has many exceptions to it’s own rules on how to pronounce words, and this can make learning English very difficult, even for native speakers. In today’s lesson we will review “Heterographs”which is just one type of exceptional case that makes learning English difficult. A Heterograph is a word that has a different meaning and different spelling from another word but has the exact same pronunciation. An example is of a Heterograph is “Air (空气)” and “Heir (继承人)”. Both of these words have very different meanings and are spelt very different from one another; however, both of these words are produced the exact same way.
根据一些规则，英语中有许多例外。比如说，如何正确发音，即便对于母语是英语的人来说，英语学习也变得非常困难。在今天的课上，我们将介绍“同音异形异”。同音字是指发音相同，但是含义和拼写却不一样的2个或者2个以上的单词。举个例子,“空气(air)” 和“继承人(heir)”。这两个词的含义和拼写完全不同，但它们产生的发音相同。
1. Air and Heir 空气和继乘人
The airquality is good today.
今天空气质量不错。
The prince is the heir to the throne.
王子是王位的继承人。
2. Aisle and Isle 走道和小岛
My father walked my sister down the aisle on her wedding day.
在姐姐生日那天，我的父亲沿着过道走到我姐姐身边。
I do not want to be stranded on a desert isle.
我不想困在沙漠小岛。
Instructions 说明
In this lesson you will use your dictionary to look up the meaning for the 50 most commonly used English Heterographs. Once you know the meaning of each word you will then write sentences for your 20 favourite Heterographs demonstrating how to use each word correctly. You can work by yourself or in a group for this activity.
在这一课中，你会用你的字典查出英文的50个最常用的同音异形异的含义。一旦你知道这些同音异形异的意思，你需要为20个你喜爱的同音异形异分别造句，由此演示如何正确使用每个单词。这个作业你可以独立完成或者以小组方式完成。
Common English Heterographs 常见英语同音异形异
| IPA | English | 中文 | English | 中文 |
| /eə/ | Air | 空气 | Heir | 继乘人 |
| /aɪl/ | Aisle | 走道 | Isle | 小岛 |
| /aɪ/ | Eye | I | ||
| /beə/ | Bare | Bear | ||
| /biː/ | Be | Bee | ||
| /breɪk/ | Brake | Break | ||
| /baɪ/ | Buy | By | ||
| /sel/ | Cell | Sell | ||
| /sent/ | Cent | Scent | ||
| /ˈsɪərɪəl/ | Cereal | Serial | ||
| /kɔːs/ | Coarse | Course | ||
| /ˈkɒmplɪmənt/ | Complement | Compliment | ||
| /dæm/ | Dam | Damn | ||
| /dɪə/ | Dear | Deer | ||
| /daɪ/ | Die | Dye | ||
| /feə/ | Fair | Fare | ||
| /fɜː/ | Fir | Fur | ||
| /ˈflaʊə/ | Flour | Flower | ||
| /fə/ | For | Four | ||
| /heə/ | Hair | Hare | ||
| /hɪə/ | Hear | Here | ||
| /hɪm/ | Him | Hymn | ||
| /həʊl/ | Hole | Whole | ||
| /ˈaʊə/ | Hour | Our | ||
| /ˈaɪdl/ | Idle | Idol | ||
| /ɪn/ | In | Inn | ||
| /naɪt/ | Knight | Night | ||
| /nɒt/ | Knot | Not | ||
| /nəʊ/ | Know | No | ||
| /meɪd/ | Made | Maid | ||
| /meɪl/ | Male | |||
| /miːt/ | Meat | Meet | ||
| /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ | Morning | Mourning | ||
| /nʌn/ | None | Nun | ||
| /ɔː/ | Oar | Or | ||
| /wʌn/ | One | Won | ||
| /peə/ | Pair | Pear | ||
| /piːs/ | Peace | Piece | ||
| /pleɪn/ | Plain | Plane | ||
| /pʊə/ | Poor | Pour | ||
| /preɪ/ | Pray | Prey | ||
| /ˈprɪnsəpəl/ | Principal | Principle | ||
| /ˈprɒfɪt/ | Profit | Prophet | ||
| /rɪəl/ | Real | Reel | ||
| /raɪt/ | Right | Write | ||
| /ruːt/ | Root | Route | ||
| /seɪl/ | Sail | Sale | ||
| /siː/ | Sea | See | ||
| /siːm/ | Seam | Seem | ||
| /səʊ/ | Sew | So |